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Reduce the rate of acute hepatitis B — IID‑11 Data Methodology and Measurement

About the National Data

Data

Baseline: 1.1 cases of acute hepatitis B per 100,000 population were reported in 2017

Target: 0.1 per 100,000

Numerator
Number of acute hepatitis B cases.
Denominator
Number of persons in reporting states.
Target-setting method
Maintain consistency with national programs, regulations, policies, or laws
Target-setting method justification
The target was selected to align with the 2030 target presented in the Viral Hepatitis National Strategic Plan (VH-NSP) for the indicator "Reduce acute hepatitis B infections by 20% by 2025 and 90% by 2030". The Indicators subcommittee of the VH-NSP, in consultation with HHS leadership, set quantitative targets to eliminate viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030, in alignment with WHO Global Health Sector Strategy on Viral Hepatitis 2016-2021 and the US National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine A National Strategy for the Elimination of Hepatitis B and C.

Methodology

Methodology notes

Acute hepatitis B is a reportable disease in all states, the District of Columbia (DC), and New York City (CSTE query and nationally notifiable (CDC NNDSS List of Notifiable Conditions, historically by year). The NNDSS is a nationwide collaboration that enables all levels of public health to share notifiable-disease-related health information. In some jurisdictions, viral hepatitis is a reportable disease: health care providers, hospitals, and laboratories are mandated to report cases to the state health department. In other jurisdictions, viral hepatitis is a notifiable disease, making case reporting voluntary. Each state has its own laws and regulations defining whether viral hepatitis is reportable or notifiable. CDC in turn receives voluntary viral hepatitis case notification from each state or reporting jurisdiction. In 2016, 48 states submitted reports of acute hepatitis B to CDC (2016 Surveillance Summary). Surveillance for viral hepatitis through NNDSS is based on case definitions developed and approved by CSTE and CDC. Reported cases of acute hepatitis B are required to meet specific clinical and laboratory criteria. Only these confirmed cases are included in the numerator. Case rates per 100,000 US population are calculated based on the resident population of the United States for the data years and reporting states involved. For census years (e.g., 2010), population counts enumerated as of April 1 are used. For all other years, population estimates as of July 1 are used.

Limitations: Viral hepatitis is largely underreported in the NNDSS. Based on a simple probabilistic model for estimating the fraction of patients who would have been symptomatic, sought health care tests, and reported to health officials, the actual number of acute hepatitis B cases for all age groups combined is estimated to be 6.48 times the number reported to CDC (Klevens 2014). Additionally, rates may vary over time based on changes in public and provider awareness, changes in laboratory and diagnostic techniques, and changes in the definition of the condition (NPR).

History

Comparable HP2020 objective
Modified, which includes core objectives that are continuing from Healthy People 2020 but underwent a change in measurement.
Changes between HP2020 and HP2030
This objective differs from the related Healthy People 2020 objectives in that it is a composite of objectives IID-1.3, IID-25.1, IID-25.2, and IID-25.3 which tracked the rate of new hepatitis B cases among persons aged 2 to 18 years, persons aged 19 years and over, injection drug users, and men who have sex with men, respectively. The measure for objective IID-11 is a rate per 100,000 population.
Revision History
Revised. 

In 2021, to align with the Viral Hepatitis National Strategic Plan (VH-NSP), the target-setting method was changed from "percent improvement" to "maintain consistency with national programs, regulations, policies or laws." The target was revised from 0.9 cases of acute hepatitis B per 100,000 population to 0.1 cases of acute hepatitis B per 100,000 population.