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U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion

Increase the proportion of students participating in the School Breakfast Program — AH‑04 Data Methodology and Measurement

On this page:  About the National Data  |  Methodology  |  History

About the National Data

Data

Data Source:  Food Programs Reporting System (FPRS), USDA/FNS

Baseline: 30.2 percent of students attending schools enrolled in the School Breakfast Program at the beginning of the school year participated in it through free, reduced price, and paid meals received in the school year 2017-18

Target: 34.9 percent

Numerator
Number of students participating in the School Breakfast Program, including those with free, reduced price, and paid participation.
Denominator
Number of students enrolled in public and private schools operating a School Breakfast Program.
Target-setting method
Percentage point improvement
Target-setting method details
Percentage point improvement from the baseline using Cohen's h effect size of 0.10.
1
Target-setting method justification
Trend data were not available for this objective. A percentage point improvement was calculated using Cohen's h effect size of 0.1. This method was used because the Healthy People 2030 Workgroup Subject Matter Experts viewed this target as ambitious yet achievable.

Methodology

Methodology notes

State agencies are responsible for collecting data on a monthly basis from all School Food Authorities (SFAs) and submitting the collated data to USDA's Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) using the Report of School Program Operations. State agencies submit the Report of School Program Operations 30 days following the month being reported. State agencies annually complete and submit the SFA Verification Collection Report, which verifies the eligibility of students for free and reduced price school meals, for all schools operating the School Breakfast Program as of the last operating day in October.

History

Comparable HP2020 objective
Modified, which includes core objectives that are continuing from Healthy People 2020 but underwent a change in measurement.
Changes between HP2020 and HP2030
This objective differs from Healthy People 2020 objective AH-6 in that AH-6 used data from the School Health Policies and Practices Study (SHPPS) to track schools with a school breakfast program, while this objective uses data from the Food Program Reporting System (FPRS) to track students participating in the (national) School Breakfast Program.
Revision History
Revised. 

In 2021, the original baseline value was revised from 35.4 to 30.2 due to a data update. The target was adjusted from 40.2 to 34.9 to reflect the revised baseline value using the original target-setting method.

1. Effect size h=0.1 was chosen to correspond with 10% improvement from a baseline of 50%.